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Gisella Gruber

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Manager, Policy Development & Operations Support (At-Large)

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Steve Gwon

United States of America

Paralegal Services Senior Manager

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Julie Hedlund

United States of America

Policy Development Support Director (GNSO)

Staff
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Jamie Hedlund

United States of America

SVP, Contractual Compliance & U.S. Government Engagement

Staff
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Liz Hoover

United States of America

Global Human Resources Operations Director

Staff
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Alice Jansen

Belgium

Implementation Operations Director- Reviews

Staff
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John Jeffrey

United States of America

General Counsel and Secretary

Staff
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Susie Johnson

United States of America

Policy Operations Sr. Specialist & Executive Assistant

Staff
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Liz Le

United States of America

Deputy General Counsel

Staff
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Ariel Liang

United States of America

Policy Research Senior Manager

Staff
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Gustavo Lozano Ibarra

United States of America

Senior Director, Technical Services

Staff
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Antonietta Mangiacotti

United States of America

Policy Research and Implementation Sr. Manager

Staff
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Selim Manzak

Türkiye, Republic of

Event Planner

Staff
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Veni Markovski

United States of America

VP, Government Engagement - UN NY and Interim Head of Government and IGO Engagement

Staff
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Brian Martin

United States of America

Sr. Lead Information Security Engineer

Staff
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Anand Mishra

United States of America

Director, Relationship & Delivery Management

Staff
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Chris Mondini

Belgium

VP, Stakeholder Engagement & Managing Director - Europe

Staff
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Sabrina Mosquera

Argentina

Senior Language Expert - Head Interpreter

Staff
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Grant Nakata

United States of America

Senior Manager, GDD Services

Staff
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Bob Ochieng

Kenya

Sr. Director, New gTLD Subsequent Procedures

Staff
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Cassia Oliveira

United States of America

Director, Office of the CEO

Staff
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Nathalie Peregrine

France

Community Operations Senior Manager

Staff
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Wendy Profit

United States of America

Board Operations Sr. Manager

Staff
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Erika Randall

United States of America

Deputy General Counsel

Staff
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Gabriella Schittek

Poland

Stakeholder Engagement Director, Nordic & Central Europe

Staff
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Vivek Sengupta

United States of America

Sr. Director, Procurement

Staff
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Hope Shafer

United States of America

Business Operations Manager

Staff
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Charla Shambley

United States of America

Sr. Manager Operations, Service Delivery & Support

Staff
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Steve Sheng

United States of America

Sr. Director, Policy Development Support & Technical Community Relations

Staff
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Maya Smundak

United States of America

Senior Language Expert - Head Interpreter

Staff
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Amy Stathos

United States of America

Deputy General Counsel

Staff
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Yan Sun

United States of America

Sr. Software Engineer 1

Staff
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Theresa Swinehart

United States of America

SVP, Global Domains & Strategy

Staff
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Caitlin Tubergen

United States of America

Policy Development Support Director (GNSO)

Staff
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Heidi Ullrich

United States of America

VP, Policy Development & At-Large Relations

Staff
Profile image for Silvia Vivanco

Silvia Vivanco

United States of America

Policy Development Support Senior Manager (At Large Regional Affairs)

Staff
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Champika Wijayatunga

Australia

Regional Technical Engagement Sr. Manager

Staff
Profile image for Mary Wong

Mary Wong

United States of America

Vice President, Strategic Policy Management

Staff
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Bill Ziemniak

United States of America

Facilities Assistant Manager

Staff
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Sarmad Hussain

Pakistan

Senior Director IDN and UA Programs

Staff
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Lisa Carter

United States of America

Sr. Program Manager

Staff
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Amanda Fessenden

United States of America

Sr. Director, GDD Services

Staff
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Aaron Jimenez

United States of America

Sr. Board Operations Specialist

Staff
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Karla Hakansson

United States of America

GDD Programs Director

Staff
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Victor Figueroa Vazquez

United States of America

Technical Services Sr. Manager

Staff
Profile image for Sam Zhou

Sam Zhou

United States of America

Technical Lead, Software Engineering

Staff
Profile image for Casandra Furey

Casandra Furey

United States of America

Associate General Counsel

Staff
Profile image for Michael Song

Michael Song

United States of America

Operations Sr. Specialist

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Domain Name System
Internationalized Domain Name ,IDN,"IDNs are domain names that include characters used in the local representation of languages that are not written with the twenty-six letters of the basic Latin alphabet ""a-z"". An IDN can contain Latin letters with diacritical marks, as required by many European languages, or may consist of characters from non-Latin scripts such as Arabic or Chinese. Many languages also use other types of digits than the European ""0-9"". The basic Latin alphabet together with the European-Arabic digits are, for the purpose of domain names, termed ""ASCII characters"" (ASCII = American Standard Code for Information Interchange). These are also included in the broader range of ""Unicode characters"" that provides the basis for IDNs. The ""hostname rule"" requires that all domain names of the type under consideration here are stored in the DNS using only the ASCII characters listed above, with the one further addition of the hyphen ""-"". The Unicode form of an IDN therefore requires special encoding before it is entered into the DNS. The following terminology is used when distinguishing between these forms: A domain name consists of a series of ""labels"" (separated by ""dots""). The ASCII form of an IDN label is termed an ""A-label"". All operations defined in the DNS protocol use A-labels exclusively. The Unicode form, which a user expects to be displayed, is termed a ""U-label"". The difference may be illustrated with the Hindi word for ""test"" — परीका — appearing here as a U-label would (in the Devanagari script). A special form of ""ASCII compatible encoding"" (abbreviated ACE) is applied to this to produce the corresponding A-label: xn--11b5bs1di. A domain name that only includes ASCII letters, digits, and hyphens is termed an ""LDH label"". Although the definitions of A-labels and LDH-labels overlap, a name consisting exclusively of LDH labels, such as""icann.org"" is not an IDN."